Bleeding from the anus - causes, suppositories, treatment

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Bleeding from the anus - causes, suppositories, treatment
Bleeding from the anus - causes, suppositories, treatment
Anonim

Anus bleeding

It is unlikely that there will be at least one person who would not notice the appearance of such an alarming symptom as bleeding from the anus.

No matter how much blood is shedding and how often it happens, anyone who cares about their he alth will immediately realize that they are not all right and, ideally, go to a doctor.

Rectal bleeding: cause for panic?

Bleeding from the anus
Bleeding from the anus

Despite the fact that there are no minor reasons that could provoke such a phenomenon, situations can still be different. Sometimes you can wait a few hours before the new working day and go to the doctor's appointment as usual.

But sometimes the situation is urgent: you should call a doctor and often agree to hospitalization. These situations are as follows:

  • Profuse bleeding that won't stop;
  • Vomiting when content shows traces of blood;
  • Bleeding from nasal passages;
  • Detection of hematomas of bruises, the nature of which is not mechanical (bruise, blow, etc.);
  • General deterioration of well-being: elevated body temperature, abdominal pain.

If after going to the toilet you find traces of blood on paper, and one of the listed conditions is present, call an ambulance immediately.

Causes of bleeding from the anus

All existing causes of rectal bleeding can be conditionally divided into groups:

  1. Bleeding caused by infectious diseases:

    • Salmonellosis
    • Enterovirus
    • Rotavirus
    • Presence of parasites (worms) in the body
    • Typhoid fever
    • Diseases that can be contracted through unprotected intercourse: venereal granuloma, syphilis, genital herpes
    • Dysentery
    • Hemorrhagic fevers
  2. Blood diseases:

    • Leukemia
    • Mesenteric thrombosis
  3. Diseases of the digestive tract:

    • Stomach and/or duodenal ulcer
    • Gastritis with the threat of transition to an ulcer
    • Varicose veins in the esophagus
    • Rectal cancer
    • Intestinal polyps
    • Intestinal tuberculosis
    • Crohn's disease
    • Ulcerative colitis
    • Intestinal diverticulosis
    • Hemorrhoids
    • Anus fissures

Why does bleeding occur?

A quite logical question that arises in many patients with the diagnoses listed above is whether rectal bleeding always occurs with these diseases? Surely more than one person who has successfully got rid of a particular disease will confirm that such a symptom is not necessary, but still, in some cases, patients have to deal with it.

As for cases when the patient has erosive gastritis or ulcerative lesions (of the stomach or duodenum), at first such conditions, of course, do not provoke bleeding. However, if the disease is not treated, the ulcer will increase not only in area, but also “grow” inside. While it is within the mucous membrane, the patient feels only pain, however, if a blood vessel is damaged, bleeding occurs, part of the blood enters the intestine and is excreted in the feces.

One of the most common causes of anal bleeding is hemorrhoids. At the same time, this is perhaps the safest diagnosis for the patient's life, the symptom of which is the appearance of blood from the anus. According to medical statistics, two out of three people have to deal with hemorrhoids after 45 years. Depending on the condition of the disease, spotting may appear as a few drops or as a copious discharge that provokes anemia.

It is not uncommon to find bleeding after a bowel movement and a visit to the doctor in connection with this reveals that the patient has anal fissures.

Very often this problem occurs in people who:

  • Abuse of detergents for hygiene of the perineum and anus;
  • Suffer from frequent constipation;
  • Eat foods that end up making stools hard.

There are several facts that the reason for the release of blood is cracks. First of all, the patient notices blood only after going to the toilet. In addition, there may be a burning sensation when using soap, and the pain during defecation becomes unbearable.

It is not uncommon to experience spotting from the anus with ulcerative colitis or with Crohn's disease. These are chronic diseases in which the intestinal walls become inflamed, ulcers appear on them, and intestinal functions are disturbed. Bleeding begins if the treatment was not carried out in a timely manner and ulcerative lesions of the intestine were sufficiently advanced. Also, these diseases sometimes cause rupture of the intestinal walls and a malignant tumor, which will also be manifested by bleeding of varying intensity.

In some diseases, circulatory disorders occur. These are cirrhosis, tumors, hepatitis and the presence of all kinds of parasites. Due to these conditions, the pressure in the he althy veins of the human body increases significantly. This phenomenon does not bypass the veins of the stomach and esophagus. If the underlying disease was detected and treated in a timely manner, the patient, most likely, will not even suspect that his veins have experienced an increased load. However, if the disease is started, the expansion of the veins progresses and simply cannot be ignored: the patient develops heartburn, belching, after eating in the liver area, he feels heaviness, often pain. Possible vomiting of scarlet blood. At this stage, spotting appears in the feces. It is extremely rare to bleed profusely.

There are cases when the intestinal mucosa begins to grow uncontrollably, forming growths above the surface. In this case, we are talking about polyps. While they are small, the patient is unaware of their existence and only prophylactic colonoscopy can detect them. However, with the growth of polyps, constipation occurs and, as a result, the patient increasingly finds blood in the stool.

The appearance of rectal bleeding does not always mean an advanced disease. For example, with tumors of the digestive system, it is the first symptom, but the color and amount of discharge will depend on the location of the tumor. Also, almost immediately, you can detect blood in intestinal diverticulosis, since this disease is characterized by protrusion of the walls.

Any infection that enters the human body negatively affects the intestines. Often, infectious diseases provoke the formation of ulcers on its walls, which may cause bleeding, often very heavy. Therefore, if signs of infectious diseases are found, it is required not to self-medicate, but to immediately enlist the support of a proctologist.

Unfortunately, bleeding from the anus is often a manifestation of malignant diseases of the bone marrow or blood. Most often, such bleeding is heavy, provoking anemia, in which it is almost impossible to do without a blood transfusion.

What to do with bleeding from the anus?

Bleeding from the anus
Bleeding from the anus

Rectal bleeding is not a disease, but a symptom, so you need to treat it very, very carefully. In the vast majority of cases, the patient will not be able to independently determine what caused the appearance of blood, and even more so will not be able to choose the right treatment.

What to do if rectal bleeding is detected?

If after a bowel movement you find that there is an admixture of blood in the feces or traces of it remain on the toilet paper, do not panic ahead of time and just try to visit a therapist as soon as possible, who will most likely prescribe a consultation with a proctologist.

If the bleeding is strong enough, and at the same time you feel that your general condition is gradually deteriorating - call an ambulance. Only after a qualified specialist determines what exactly caused your condition, it will be possible to prescribe therapy.

Diagnostic methods for bleeding from the anus

Medicine uses various methods to help determine what caused bleeding from the anus:

  • Rectoscopy - with its help, the human digestive system is examined, and more specifically, its lower sections. Using this method, doctors can identify hemorrhoids, anal fissures, various formations in the sigmoid and / or rectum.
  • Colonoscopy is nothing more than a more advanced rectoscopy. It is carried out by the endoscopic method and allows you to detect all the changes that have occurred in the structure of the colon.
  • Irrigoscopy - for its implementation, a special substance is introduced into the intestine, which is necessary to obtain a clear picture on the x-ray.
  • Gastroduodenoscopy - examination of the patient using an endoscope, which allows to assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive organs. Sometimes with the help of this method, treatment is also carried out - cauterization - ulcers.
  • A stool test that detects blood, even if it is not visible visually, is prescribed in cases where the doctor suspects a disease in the patient, the symptom of which is rectal bleeding.

Therapy for bleeding from the anus

It is quite clear that with such a variety of causes that provoke rectal bleeding, there can be no question of the existence of a single treatment regimen for all patients. Once again, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the pathology in question is not a disease, but a symptom, and therefore, in order to eliminate it, it is necessary to cure the disease that caused the bleeding. Not in every case, the blood released from the anus is a serious pathology, but in all cases, without exception, this is a reason to make an appointment with a doctor. There is no question of any self-treatment, even if you know what exactly caused the blood to appear.

Depending on what caused the problem in question, the ways and methods of dealing with it will differ:

  • Medicated - used most often for the infectious nature of rectal bleeding or > for helminthic invasions. Elimination of the cause entails the disappearance of the alarming symptom.
  • Operational - prescribed for polyps, neoplasms, advanced forms of hemorrhoids.
  • Contact - used for ulcerative lesions of the walls of the stomach and / or duodenum (cauterization of the ulcer).
  • Combined - often required for a more effective fight against the disease. For example, with an ulcer, cauterization is performed first, and then antibiotic therapy.

Suppositories for bleeding from the anus

Please note that there is not a single drug that says that it is used for bleeding from the anus. This is due to the fact that this condition is a consequence of internal diseases that require an integrated approach. However, with some diagnoses, bleeding is eliminated, including with the help of rectal suppositories.

Most often, candles for bleeding from the anus are prescribed to patients with hemorrhoids. The active ingredients that make up such drugs have several actions at the same time: they anesthetize and promote the resorption of nodes.

If the only reason for the appearance of blood is chronic constipation, due to which the stool during defecation is so dense that it damages the mucous membrane, then the use of laxatives is indicated in this case.

Regardless of what caused the bleeding from the anus, the first thing the patient should do is to enlist the support of a qualified medical worker who will make an accurate diagnosis, establish the cause of the bleeding and prescribe its treatment.

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